Special Characters in HTML
Certain characters, such as the left bracket (<
), ampersand
(&
), etc. are reserved by HTML to represent special
attributes such as the start of HTML elements, graphic characters, and so on.
In addition there are many ISO-Latin 1 characters that you may wish
to include in a document, but which are not trivially available on
a standard keyboard.
HTML allows special character entities to represent
these special characters. These entities are indicated by three
parts: a leading ampersand (&
), a number or string corresponding
to the character you wish, and a terminating semicolon (;
). Here
is a list of these special characters, and their renderings: not
all browsers support all these characters -- this is a good test page
for determining what is, and what is not, supported by yours.
- <
- < (less than sign)
- >
- > (greater than sign)
- &
- & (The ampersand sign itself)
- "
- " (double quote)
-
- (A non-breaking space)
Here is a list of the ISO Latin-1 character entities (derived
from `ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN').
- Æ
- Æ (capital AE diphthong (ligature))
- Á
- Á (capital A, acute accent)
- Â
- Â (capital A, circumflex accent)
- À
- À (capital A, grave accent)
- Å
- Å (capital A, ring)
- Ã
- Ã (capital A, tilde)
- Ä
- Ä (capital A, dieresis or umlaut)
- Ç
- Ç (capital C, cedilla)
- Ð
- Ð (capital Eth, Icelandic)
- É
- É (capital E, acute accent)
- Ê
- Ê (capital E, circumflex accent)
- È
- È (capital E, grave accent)
- Ë
- Ë (capital E, dieresis or umlaut)
- Í
- Í (capital I, acute accent)
- Î
- Î (capital I, circumflex accent)
- Ì
- Ì (capital I, grave accent)
- Ï
- Ï (capital I, dieresis or umlaut)
- Ñ
- Ñ (capital N, tilde)
- Ó
- Ó (capital O, acute accent)
- Ô
- Ô (capital O, circumflex accent)
- Ò
- Ò (capital O, grave accent)
- Ø
- Ø (capital O, slash)
- Õ
- Õ (capital O, tilde)
- Ö
- Ö (capital O, dieresis or umlaut)
- Þ
- Þ (capital THORN, Icelandic)
- Ú
- Ú (capital U, acute accent)
- Û
- Û (capital U, circumflex accent)
- Ù
- Ù (capital U, grave accent)
- Ü
- Ü (capital U, dieresis or umlaut)
- Ý
- Ý (capital Y, acute accent)
- á
- á (small a, acute accent)
- â
- â (small a, circumflex accent)
- æ
- æ (small ae diphthong (ligature))
- à
- à (small a, grave accent)
- å
- å (small a, ring)
- ã
- ã (small a, tilde)
- ä
- ä (small a, dieresis or umlaut mark)
- ç
- ç (small c, cedilla)
- é
- é (small e, acute accent)
- ê
- ê (small e, circumflex accent)
- è
- è (small e, grave accent)
- ð
- ð (small eth, Icelandic)
- ë
- ë (small e, dieresis or umlaut mark)
- í
- í (small i, acute accent)
- î
- î (small i, circumflex accent)
- ì
- ì (small i, grave accent)
- ï
- ï (small i, dieresis or umlaut mark)
- ñ
- ñ (small n, tilde)
- ó
- ó (small o, acute accent)
- ô
- ô (small o, circumflex accent)
- ò
- ò (small o, grave accent)
- ø
- ø (small o, slash)
- õ
- õ (small o, tilde)
- ö
- ö (small o, dieresis or umlaut mark)
- ß
- ß (small sharp s, German (sz ligature))
- þ
- þ (small thorn, Icelandic)
- ú
- ú (small u, acute accent)
- û
- û (small u, circumflex accent)
- ù
- ù (small u, grave accent)
- ü
- ü (small u, dieresis or umlaut mark)
- ý
- ý (small y, acute accent)
- ÿ
- ÿ (small y, dieresis or umlaut mark)
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